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Home Communications

How media outlets around the world are reacting to US presidential campaign

by The Conversation
October 24, 2016
in Communications
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How media outlets around the world are reacting to US presidential campaign
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When Donald Trump repeatedly claims the election is “rigged,” it doesn’t just undermine voter confidence at home. It can also hurt the country’s standing around the world, where people have been closely following the presidential race. By Randy Kluver, Texas A&M University ; Robert Hinck, Texas A&M University , and Skye Cooley, Mississippi State University

Because of the United States’ predominant role in geopolitics and global economics, foreign governments and their citizens scrutinise the candidates and their positions, which can hint at future American policies. The campaign also acts as a snapshot of American democracy. According to political scientist Joseph Nye, America’s soft power – its ability to persuade foreign leaders and exert influence abroad – partly depends on how the rest of world interprets our political process, values and outcomes.

In order to assess what the world has been thinking about the ongoing election, we’ve been tracking global media coverage via 60 different news outlets in regions that represent over 1.5 billion people. Using the Media Monitoring System, which captures and translates foreign language content, we’re able to harvest large amounts of news media from multiple languages and read machine-generated translations (which aren’t perfect, but do the trick).

While the research is ongoing and we can’t adequately present all points of view, it is possible to discern clear trends in the coverage.

We can offer a snapshot from three regions – China, Russia and the Arab world – that currently present a geopolitical challenge to the United States. In doing so, we can see the lens through which citizens are viewing the unfolding political drama.

China: Stability above all

The Chinese media – which include official, government-controlled outlets and the relatively privatised media sector – generally take two approaches when commenting on American politics.

First, they’ll often point to the arrogance of American politicians, especially those who stress the superiority of the US democratic system over those of other nations. Next, they usually hesitate to make outright editorial arguments. Instead, they’ll quote international figures and analysts to advance a particular point of view.

Over the past few months, they’ve paid much attention to global criticism of Trump as potentially “the most reckless president” (as QQ News, a news aggregator, recently wrote). But Clinton is heavily criticised as well. For example, the Xinhua news agency put out an article that drew heavily from the Wikileaks DNC documents and argued that Clinton’s campaign is ahead because of close cooperation with U.S. media – a claim parroted by Trump.

Chinese media have consistently focused on both candidates’ weaknesses, like Clinton’s email controversy and Trump’s sexual harassment issues. But they’ve paid particularly close attention to the two candidates’ positions on trade.

Trump, they warn, would be likely to start a trade war with China, which would cost the United States five million jobs. The Global Times, a more nationalistic outlet, ran an expanded version of an article about Trump’s business dealings originally written by the international news outlet Agence France-Presse. The Chinese version insinuated that should Trump win the election, he would undoubtedly drop some of his more hostile language. The same paper also ran an editorial noting that although most Chinese preferred Clinton, some did prefer Trump because of Clinton’s “viciousness” toward China, primarily over the issue of human rights.

Overall, however, the tone of Chinese coverage has stressed the unpredictability and “recklessness” of Trump and cited the view of international political analysts to express cautious optimism that Clinton will win. Despite the optimism, China’s main news agency Xinhua concluded that the U.S. election is playing out “like [a] soap opera” and “causing widespread concern.”

Xinhua further argued that “no matter who wins the general election,” the people of the United States “will have lost.”

Russia: Trump, Trump, Trump

Russia, of course, is playing a unique role in the current election. Many US policymakers believe that Russia was behind the hack of DNC emails, and a prominent Russian politician recently declared that Clinton’s election could lead to nuclear war between the two nations.

While that claim is probably over the top, there’s no question that Russian media has a pro-Trump bias. Although many Americans fear that this is because Trump is wilfully naive on Russian expansionism, Russian news outlets express deep dissatisfaction with Clinton. The business paper Kommersant sent a reporter to a Trump rally, where the correspondent was told by a Trump supporter, “We have a divided country, you [Russia] don’t. You have a strong leader and man of action, we need the same.”

Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton dolls at the 12th International Doll Salon in Moscow. Ramil Sitdikov/Sputnik via AP

Russian media often praise Trump for his business acumen. Clinton, they say, has it out for the Russians, with claims that the country “purposefully bombs [and] wants to destroy many of the residents of Syria” (as the broadsheet Izvestia put it). Meanwhile, the daily Gazeta concluded that discussion of Russia is nothing but a wedge issue for Trump and Clinton, with Clinton “using the anti-Russian card more often.”

The preference for Trump doesn’t mean that he escapes criticism, however.

The popular Moscow daily Komsomolets summed up the second debate with the following: “Never before have the American people seen such debates, when one candidate (Trump) threatened to put the opponent in jail.” Kommersant criticised the debates for the way the candidates have spent most of the “time talking about the negative qualities of their [opponents’] failures and not presenting their vision for the development of the economy.”

The Arab world: ‘The worst candidate in history’

The Arab world has a diverse population spread across 22 nations, and our analysis has pulled from a number of both pan-regional sources: major outlets such as Qatar’s Al-Jazeera and the Saudi-based Al-Arabiya, as well as those with a limited national reach, like Egypt’s Al-Ahram.

Nonetheless, across the region there’s a strong consensus that Clinton is the preferable president.

Although Arabic media does report on some of the more salacious scandals – the Trump tape and the rehashing of Bill Clinton’s infidelities – coverage centres primarily upon the two candidates’ views toward the region and towards Muslims.

Overall, the media frame Clinton’s foreign policy much more positively than Trump’s. For example, the Jordanian outlet Ad-Dustour reported that Clinton supported “the establishment of safe areas in Syria,” while “promising to investigate … Russia’s war crimes in Syria”.

Arab media frequently praise Clinton’s stance that “Muslims [are] part of America.” Trump’s anti-immigrant views, not surprisingly, are viewed negatively, with the Egyptian daily Al-Ahram stating “the Republican candidate’s hatred of Islam is a shame.” Another Egyptian paper, Al-Dustour, said that Trump was the “worst candidate [for] the presidency in the history of the United States.”

Al-Jazeera noted that Trump’s candidacy represents “a sad scenario” and argued that the election demonstrates “the ineffectiveness of Western democracy.”

What this means for the United States

Al-Jazeera’s analysis hits on a major theme in the coverage abroad: The election reflects poorly on American democratic values, with much of the world finding little to emulate in the process.

For America’s soft power, this isn’t good news.

As China’s official Xinhua news agency noted, the “presidential election has become like a farce,” with the “election chaos” a cause for global concern. Meanwhile, Syria’s state-run Thawra Al Wehda argued that the number of scandals and corruption proves that “it is not the right of the United States to teach others lessons on democracy.”

Although two of the regions we analysed clearly indicate a preference for a Clinton presidency, Trump does have the support of Russia. This analysis of press coverage is consistent with recent polls that show strong preference for Clinton throughout the world.

Obviously, these news outlets (and their readers) aren’t voting. But the views of the foreign press matter. They influence the new administration’s ability to develop and promote a foreign agenda. They can also undermine how America is perceived in the areas that its leaders say matter the most: fairness, rule of law and human rights.

For these reasons, the victor of this particularly ugly election will not emerge unscathed. The country’s “brand” may have been irreparably harmed, its standing in the world lost.The Conversation

Randy Kluver, Professor of Communication, Texas A&M University ; Robert Hinck, PhD Student, Texas A&M University , and Skye Cooley, Assistant Professor of Communication, Mississippi State University

This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.

Image: In China, Trump is depicted as a threat to stability. torbakhopper/flickr, CC BY

Tags: Al JazeeraDonald TrumpHillary ClintonKommersantmedia monitoringmedia perceptionmedia reputationmedia researchnews agencyThe ConversationWikileaksXinhua

The Conversation

The Conversation is a collaboration between editors and academics to provide informed news analysis and commentary that’s free to read and republish. The Conversation Africa launched as a pilot project in May 2015. It is an independent source of news and views from the academic and research community, delivered direct to the public. Our team of professional editors work with university and research institute experts to unlock their knowledge for use by the wider public. Access to independent, high quality, authenticated, explanatory journalism underpins a functioning democracy. Our aim is to promote better understanding of current affairs and complex issues. And hopefully allow for a better quality of public discourse and conversation. We aim to help rebuild trust in journalism. All authors and editors sign up to our Editorial Charter. All contributors must abide by our Community Standards policy. We only allow authors to write on a subject on which they have proven expertise, which they must disclose alongside their article. Authors’ funding and potential conflicts of interest must also be disclosed. Failure to do so carries a risk of being banned from contributing to the site.

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